Spanish 101 - Revision history

Tedyun at 06:52, 19 February 2017

2017-02-19T06:52:00Z

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Tedyun at 06:50, 19 February 2017

2017-02-19T06:50:26Z

Tedyun at 06:49, 19 February 2017

2017-02-19T06:49:29Z

Tedyun: /* Definite Articles */

2017-02-19T06:48:59Z

Definite Articles

Tedyun: /* Definite Articles */

2017-02-19T06:46:15Z

Definite Articles

Tedyun: /* Definite Articles */

2017-02-19T06:35:16Z

Definite Articles

Tedyun: /* Definite Articles */

2017-02-19T06:34:08Z

Definite Articles

Tedyun at 05:00, 19 February 2017

2017-02-19T05:00:39Z

Tedyun: /* Plural Forms of Nouns */

2017-02-10T07:39:51Z

Plural Forms of Nouns

Tedyun: /* The Basics of Spanish */

2017-02-10T07:24:26Z

The Basics of Spanish

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:50, 19 February 2017
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−	= The Basics of Spanish =	+	== The Basics of Spanish ==

	=== Gender of Nouns ===		=== Gender of Nouns ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:49, 19 February 2017
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−	== The Basics of Spanish ==	+	= The Basics of Spanish =

	=== Gender of Nouns ===		=== Gender of Nouns ===

@@ Line 239: / Line 239: @@
 ==== Personal Titles ====
-A definite article is used before the personal titles when you are talking about people not when you are speaking directly to them.
+* A definite article is used before the personal titles when you are talking about people not when you are speaking directly to them.
-* La señora Lopez está ocupada = Mrs. Lopez is busy.
+==== Certain Set Phrases ====

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:46, 19 February 2017
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	** ¡Abre los ojos! = Open your eyes!		** ¡Abre los ojos! = Open your eyes!
	** Perdió los zapatos = He lost his shoes.		** Perdió los zapatos = He lost his shoes.
		+
		+	==== Verb Infinitives ====
		+
		+	Infinitive in English is the verb name which translate into "to x". For example "comprar" is an infinitive form of the verb which means "to buy".
		+
		+	In Spanish, we can say "smoking is prohibited" with using the verb infinitive and the Spanish definitive article.
		+
		+	* El fumar está prohobido = Smoking is prohibited.
		+
		+	==== Prior to the Names of Certain Countries ====
		+
		+	* Only for certain countries:
		+	** For example, el Reino Unido (the UK), la India (India), la China (China)
		+
		+	* Voy a México = I am going to Mexico.
		+	* We use the definite article when there is an adjective describing the noun
		+	** Voy al México bello = I am going to beautiful Mexico.
		+	* Note. "al" = "a" + "el".
		+
		+	==== Street Names ====
		+
		+	* Streets, avenues, plazas and similar places are usually preceded by a definite article.
		+	** La Casa Blanca es la residencia de Barack Obama = The White House is the residence of Barack Obama.
		+
		+	==== Personal Titles ====
		+
		+	A definite article is used before the personal titles when you are talking about people not when you are speaking directly to them.
		+
		+	* La señora Lopez está ocupada = Mrs. Lopez is busy.

@@ Line 128: / Line 128: @@
 ** el abrelatas => los abrelatas
-== Definite Articles ==
+=== Definite Articles ===
 el, la, los, las.
@@ Line 134: / Line 134: @@
 The definite article in Spanish must agree with the gender and number of the noun that follows it.
-=== Spanish Definite Article ===
+==== Spanish Definite Article ====
 * El colegio = The school
@@ Line 144: / Line 144: @@
 * Las chicas = The girls
-=== Spanish's Unique Uses of the Definite Article ===
+==== Spanish's Unique Uses of the Definite Article ====
 The following topics require the definite article:
@@ Line 160: / Line 160: @@
 * In certain set phrases
-=== Days of the Week ===
+==== Days of the Week ====
 * el lunes (Monday), el jueves (Thursday)
@@ Line 170: / Line 170: @@
 ** Today is Sunday = Hoy es domingo.
-=== Season of the Year ===
+==== Season of the Year ====
 * Seasons usually have the definite article.
@@ Line 177: / Line 177: @@
 ** No quiero estudiar en invierno = I do not want to study in the winter.
-=== With More Than One Nouns ===
+==== With More Than One Nouns ====
 * Hoy, leo el libro y la revista = Today I am reading the book and the magazine.
 * Quiero la camisa y los pantalones = I want the shirt and trousers.
-=== Generic Nouns ===
+==== Generic Nouns ====
 * This refers to nouns that are a concept or to a substance/ideas in general, no specific.
@@ Line 192: / Line 192: @@
 ** Los zapatos de las mujeres = the shoes of the women.
-=== Names of Languages ===
+==== Names of Languages ====
 * El francés = French
@@ Line 208: / Line 208: @@
 *#* Prefiero el francés = I prefer French.
-=== Clothing, Human Body and Personal Items ===
+==== Clothing, Human Body and Personal Items ====
 * In Spanish, it is normal to use the definite article instead of the possessive adjective like in English.
 ** ¡Abre los ojos! = Open your eyes!
 ** Perdió los zapatos = He lost his shoes.

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:34, 19 February 2017
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	== Definite Articles ==		== Definite Articles ==
		+
		+	el, la, los, las.
		+
		+	The definite article in Spanish must agree with the gender and number of the noun that follows it.
		+
		+	=== Spanish Definite Article ===
		+
		+	* El colegio = The school
		+
		+	* La manzana = The apple
		+
		+	* Los chicos = The boys
		+
		+	* Las chicas = The girls
		+
		+	=== Spanish's Unique Uses of the Definite Article ===
		+
		+	The following topics require the definite article:
		+
		+	* Days of the week
		+	* Seasons of the year
		+	* With more than one nouns
		+	* Before the names of some countries
		+	* With generic nouns
		+	* With names of languages
		+	* With clothing, body parts and other personal items
		+	* With infinitives used as subjects
		+	* Before names of streets
		+	* With personal titles
		+	* In certain set phrases
		+
		+	=== Days of the Week ===
		+
		+	* el lunes (Monday), el jueves (Thursday)
		+	* Note that the days of the week are all masculine because they all refer to "el día" (day) which is masculine.
		+	* The days of the week are preceded by either "el" or "los" depending on whether the day is singular or plural.
		+	** Voy a la biblioteca el viernes = I am going to the library on Friday.
		+	** Voy a la biblioteca los viernes = I go to the library on Fridays.
		+	* When using "ser" which means "to be", the definite article is not used.
		+	** Today is Sunday = Hoy es domingo.
		+
		+	=== Season of the Year ===
		+
		+	* Seasons usually have the definite article.
		+	** Prefiero los veranos = I prefer summers. (prefrir = to prefer)
		+	* It can be optional if after "de", "en" or verb form of "ser".
		+	** No quiero estudiar en invierno = I do not want to study in the winter.
		+
		+	=== With More Than One Nouns ===
		+
		+	* Hoy, leo el libro y la revista = Today I am reading the book and the magazine.
		+	* Quiero la camisa y los pantalones = I want the shirt and trousers.
		+
		+	=== Generic Nouns ===
		+
		+	* This refers to nouns that are a concept or to a substance/ideas in general, no specific.
		+	** Los árabes son ricos = Arabs are rich.
		+	** La manzana es sana = Apple is healthy.
		+
		+	* Exception: The article is omitted after the preposition "de" which could be used to describe possession, or when the noun following "de" describes the first noun and therefore doesn't refer to a specific person/thing.
		+	** Los zapatos de mujeres = women's shoes.
		+	** Los zapatos de las mujeres = the shoes of the women.
		+
		+	=== Names of Languages ===
		+
		+	* El francés = French
		+	* El alemán = German
		+	* El español = Spanish
		+
		+	* Exceptions
		+	*# When the language is immediately followed by "en" which means "in".
		+	# En español... = In Spanish...
		+	*# For a verb that is often used to describe languages such as "hablar" (to talk), "aprender" (to understand), "estudiar" (to study), and "saber" (to know).
		+	# Hablo español = I speak Spanish.
		+	*# The article is required after an adverb/preposition other than en.
		+	# Hablo bien el español = I speak Spanish well.
		+	*# The article is required when used with other verbs.
		+	# Prefiero el francés = I prefer French.
		+
		+	=== Clothing, Human Body and Personal Items ===
		+
		+	* In Spanish, it is normal to use the definite article instead of the possessive adjective like in English.
		+	** ¡Abre los ojos! = Open your eyes!
		+	** Perdió los zapatos = He lost his shoes.

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:00, 19 February 2017
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	* abre (open) + latas (cans) = abrelatas (can opener)		* abre (open) + latas (cans) = abrelatas (can opener)
	** el abrelatas => los abrelatas		** el abrelatas => los abrelatas
		+
		+	== Definite Articles ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:39, 10 February 2017
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	=== Plural Forms of Nouns ===		=== Plural Forms of Nouns ===
		+
		+	==== Definite Articles in the Plural Form ====
		+
		+	* "el" becomes "los"
		+	* "la" becomes "las"
		+
		+	==== Vowel Ending ====
		+
		+	If a noun ends in a vowel, then it becomes plural by adding the letter "s".
		+
		+	* casa (house) => casas
		+	* el libro (book) => los libros
		+	* la pluma (pen) => las plumas
		+	* el chico (boy) => los chicos
		+	* la señora (women referred to older women) => las señoras
		+
		+	==== Consonant Ending ====
		+
		+	If a noun ends in a consonant, it becomes plural by adding "es".
		+
		+	* país (country) => países
		+	* el borrador (draft) => los borradores
		+	* la universidad (university) => las universidades
		+	* el profesor (teacher) => los profesores
		+	* la ciudad (city) => las ciudades
		+
		+	==== "-ión" Ending ====
		+
		+	If a noun ends in "-ión", add "-es" and drop the written accent.
		+
		+	* el avión (aeroplane) => los aviones (Note. this is ''masculine'', exception of the above rule.)
		+	* la conversación (conversation) => las conversaciones
		+	* la sección (section) => las secciones
		+	* la televisión (TV) => las televisiones
		+
		+	==== "-z" Ending ====
		+
		+	Noun ends in "-z", add "-es" and change the "z" to "c".
		+
		+	* el lápiz => los lápices
		+	* la voz (voice) => las voces
		+	* el tapiz (wallpaper) => los tapices
		+	* la actriz (actress) => la actrices
		+
		+	==== Maschuline and Feminine Plural Nouns Combined ====
		+
		+	When the plural refers to two or more nouns of different genders, the masculine plural is used.
		+
		+	* 1 camello (camel) + 4 camellas = 5 camellos
		+
		+	==== Compound Nouns ====
		+
		+	Compound nouns are always masculine, therefor in the plural form the definite article changes from "el" to "los".
		+
		+	* abre (open) + latas (cans) = abrelatas (can opener)
		+	** el abrelatas => los abrelatas

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:24, 10 February 2017
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	* la libertad (liberty)		* la libertad (liberty)
	* la certidumbre (certainty)		* la certidumbre (certainty)
		+
		+	=== Plural Forms of Nouns ===